Manifestations in the oral cavity in infectious diseases in children. Viruses are by nature more difficult to detect, at least with traditional methods such as in vitro cultivation. Regarding oral or pharyngeal infections, to colonize and infect the oral environment, yeast cells must first adhere to host cells and tissues or prosthetic materials within the oral cavity or must coaggregate with other oral. Cde oral pathology and oral medicine 2 oral infections viral infections viruses consist of. Viral diseasesinfections of the oral cavity, oral mucosa and perioral regions are generally encountered by dentists and have not received the required recognition until recently and viruses are both ulcerogenic and the tumorigenic agents of human oral cavity. Oral pathology bacterial infections of the oral cavity. Most bacteria in the body are harmless or even helpful. Major viral families in the human oral cavity table 1 and the text below describe important viruses. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Herpes simplex hsv i and ii skin, mucosa, eye and cns 4. The oral cavity is affected by various viral disease manifestations, and it is frequently encountered with viral infections. In otherwise healthy patients, removing the offending tooth to allow drainage will usually.
Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis vincents infection, trench mouth. Oral and maxillofacial infections is the gold standard of dental books dealing with oral and facial infections, comprehensively addressing all aspects of the diagnosis and management of infections of the jaws. Viral oral infections are virus that can affect the mouth and oral area. Viral infections and the oral cavity revise dental. Viral diseases may either occur due to cellular destruction or consequence of immune reaction following viral proteins. The increasing age of most populations and an increasing rate of diseases. The environment present in the human mouth is suited to the growth of characteristic microorganisms found there. A viral disease of the oral cavity is the infectious type of pathology affecting oral tissues. Bacterial infections of the oral cavity tuberculosis.
Oral infections are very common and may be a sign of an illness involving other parts of the body. Thoroughly updated to reflect extensive changes in the medical field, this new edition presents a unique blend of the latest research findings, along with theory and pragmatic therapy. Infections of the mouth and oral cavity can be caused by a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Herpes simplex virus, varicellazoster virus, and epsteinbarr virus infections nearly always. Epsteinbarr virus ebv and cytomegalovirus cmv are herpesviruses, which account for the majority of oral viral infections. All suspicious lesions, however, should be examined by biopsy. Hpv infections have received particular attention in recent years, as highrisk strains have been linked to some cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. In almost all infections in the oral cavity, mixed populations of bacteria are present. The oral cavity is the primary site of many viral illnesses as well as a site with specific manifestations of more systemic viral disease. Pdf viral infections of the oral mucosa and perioral region are commonly encountered in the practice of dentistry. Oral cancer or oral cavity cancer, a subtype of head and neck cancer, is any cancerous tissue growth located in the oral cavity 24. Oct 11, 2014 viral infections of the oral cavity 1. Oral mucosa the intact stratified squamous epithelium supported by the lamina propria presents a mechanical barrier to oral microorganisms.
Manifestations in the oral cavity in infectious diseases. Viral infections of oral cavity global events usa europe. Jan 03, 2012 this entry was posted in oral care and tagged anug, bacterial infection of the oral cavity, noma, scarlet fever on january 3, 2012 by meifong. May 30, 2018 members of the human herpesvirus hhv and human papillomavirus hpv families cause the most common primary viral infections of the oral cavity. Mouth infections are usually diagnosed on history and physical exam in the dental office or at a clinic visit with an otolaryngologist. Candidiasis a fungal infection also known as thrush is the most common oral condition seen in association with hiv infection. Apr 26, 2014 call and register to join 9989626152 25 week daily session 5 8 pm monday to friday 400 hours of live online classes for mds entrance preparation. The most frequent oral manifestations in cerebral palsy. Detection of the viral antigen and tzanck test are useful for diagnosis. A bacterial oral infection is when bacteria invade the oral cavity mouth and cause infection the harmful growth of microorganisms. Bacterial infections of oral cavity infection public.
A wide range of viral infections can give rise to oral manifestations andor may reside within the mouth. A mucous membrane of stratified squamous epithelium lines and protects the inside of the mouth. Oral and maxillofacial viral infections springerlink. It may appear as a cracking or fissuring of the corners of the mouth. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main respiratory tract pathogen in otitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, meningitis, bacteraemia and community acquired pneumonia. Among the most severe, persistent, frequent, and recurrent infections in the oral cavity of the hivinfected patient are those caused by herpesviruses. Odontogenic infection starts as localised infection and may remain localised to the region where it started, or spread into adjacent or distant areas. Sexual activity, especially oral sex, is the most common mode of infection in the case of hpvrelated oropharyngeal carcinomas. Periodontal diseases, endodontic infections and submucous abscesses in the oral cavity are probably. Bacterial infections of oral cavity free download as powerpoint presentation. The continuous shedding by exfoliation of epithelial squames limits microbial. Bacterial infections of oral cavity for dental students. Case 1 a 40 year old male presented to the accident and emergency unit with protracted fevers and spontaneous severe haemorrhages from the oral cavity and urinary and gastrointestinal tracts. Although most of these infections can be controlled by oral hygiene measures, these infections are directly related to the immunity and health status of an individual.
Bacterial infections of the oral mucosa request pdf. Antibiotics are indicated for the treatment of odontogenic infections, oral nonodontogenic infections, as prophylaxis. Many of these infections only affect the mouth, but some can spread and become systemic infections. Viral and fungal infections of the oral cavity sciencedirect. Pathogenic bacteria predominate in the oral cavity of. This study identifies the major pathogens that constitute the normal oral flora of malaysians and elaborates on their pathogenic potential. Intro what is a virus basic structure sequlae of infection classification 3. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site.
Antibiotic use in dental practice defined by the minimum inhibitory concentration, or mic pharmacodynamics. Hello everyone dr wonder has really be so wonderful to me i will always testify of his greatness in my life who could have believe dr wonder herbal herbs cured me from my herpes virus which i was having for the past 4 year,i came across dr. Oral pathology bacterial infections of the oral cavity youtube. It provides a source of water and nutrients, as well as a moderate temperature. States and communities use the data to monitor their progress in meeting healthy people 2010 goals for oral health, target limited resources to people with the greatest needs, and compare their oral health problems with those of other states and the nation. Common dental infections in the primary care setting duc huu nguyen, do, university of california at irvine family health center, anaheim, california james t. Although bacterial biofilms and their role in disease have been investigated in detail over a number of years, much less is known about fungal biofilms 2,3,8,9. Bacterial infections of the oral mucosa constitute an increasing problem, especially among older people in most countries. Oral cavity alterations diagnosis in cerebral palsy subjects. Infections of the oral cavity are most commonly odontogenic in origin and include dental caries, periapical infections, gingivitis, periodontal infections and abscesses, and deep fascial space infections. Herpes simplex is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 hsv1 or type 2 hsv2. A smaller range of fungal infections, notably candida species, may affect the mouth, although deep mycotic infections such as histoplasmosis, aspergillosis, mucormycoses and paracoccidioidomycosis may occasionally give rise to oral manifestations. They include dental infection, dental abscess, and ludwigs angina. Transferred through the air on dust particles or water droplets some may require intimate and direct contact.
Pathogenic viruses commonly present in the oral cavity. Oral herpes is a viral infection mainly around the mouth and lips caused by herpes simplex viruses. The oral cavity, eyes and genitalia are affected by hsv1, whereas the genitalia are mainly involved in hsv2. A number of soft tissue lesions of the oral cavity, which present as tumor masses or ulcerations, are indeed reactive in nature and represent inflammations induced by irritation or by unknown mechanisms. Pdf oral manifestations of viral infections researchgate.
Reactive nodules of the oral cavity are fairly common and are a diverse group. Oral microbiology is the study of the microorganisms microbiota of the oral cavity and their interactions between oral microorganisms or with the host. Feb 25, 2014 the majority of opportunistic oral mucosal fungal infections are due to candida albicans and aspergillus fumigatus species. Bacterial infection of the oral cavity part 1 intelligent. Gingivitis, shallow lip and tongue ulcers with pseudomembranes. These viruses are usually very contagious and can cause painful oral sores, depending on the type of oral virus. Mucor and cryptococcus also have a major role in causing oral infections, whereas geotrichum, fusarium, rhodotorula, saccharomyces and penicillium marneffei are uncommon pathogens in the oral cavity. Common dental infections in the primary care setting. It is estimated that 9095% of all orofacial infections originate from the teeth or their supporting structures and are the most common infections in the oral and maxilofacial region. Swelling within the oral cavity or cheeks, along with a history of progressively worsening tooth pain and fevers, is usually enough evidence to support the diagnosis of a mouth infection. Start studying viral infections and diseases of the oral cavity. The oral cavity may be the primary site of involvement of an infectious disease, or a systemic infection may have oral manifestations. The clinical presentation of various viral conditions is. These are representative of more than 20 cases encountered by the author in his hospital practice.
They may be found anywhere in the mucosa but are especially common. Periodontology 2000 oral viral infections of adults. The role of viruses in oral disease pubmed central pmc. However, recent evidence points to a certain specificity in these infections. Dr ravikumar v, jr ii, dept of oral path, gdc, kottayam 2. What are the treatment options for viral oral infections. The most common oral cancer is squamous cell carcinoma scc that affects the tissue lining of the oral cavity 5. Antibiotic use in dental practice med oral patol oral cir bucal 2007. Streptococcus pneumoniae, an alpha hemolytic and gram positive diplococcus is a inhabitant of the upper respiratory tract that can cause a number of life threatening diseases.
Viral infections typically present with abrupt onset and association of solitary or multiple blister or ulcerations. Feb 12, 2010 the oral cavity is home to a rich flora of bacteria. Oral manifestations of viral infections article pdf available in official journal of the south african academy of family practiceprimary care 488. Table 1 summarizes the main characteristics of common oral infections.
The plethora of mammalian viruses in the lesions seen in periodontitis proposes that viruses play a. Oral manifestations of viral diseases jpr solutions. Infectious diseases of the oral cavity flashcards quizlet. Sep 25, 2015 when saliva flow is reduced, oral health problems such as dental caries and oral infections can develop. The oral mucosa is a common site for primary viral infections particularly those of the human.
Recognizing these oral lesions often provides important. Composition and production saliva is an exocrine solution consisting of 99% water. Cohen, in pediatric dermatology fourth edition, 20. Oral viral infections of adults the endoexperience. Hpv transmission to the oral cavity is mostly through autoinfection in the case of benign lesions such as squa mous cell papillomas and verruca vulgaris. Sayan bhattacharyyaet al fungal infections of the oral cavity int j cur res rev, june 20 vol 05 12 page 85 histoplasma capsulatum, a dimorphic fungal pathogen, can also involve the gingiva. Oral manifestations of viral infections van heerden wfp, bchd, mchd oral path, fc path sa oral path, phd, dsc department of oral pathology and oral biology, university of pretoria correspondence to. Viral diseases infections of the oral cavity, oral mucosa and perioral regions are generally encountered by dentists and have not received the required recognition until recently and viruses are both ulcerogenic and the tumorigenic agents of human oral cavity.
Oral infections, a mirror of our overall health condition. Four of the eight identified herpesviruses that cause human disease are responsible for oral ulcerations. They include the herpes simplex virus, hand, foot and mouth disease hfmd, and in some cases, human papillomavirus or hpv. Rubeola nineday or red measles measles, a disease recognised for over two thousand years, is a highly contagious, acute infection caused by the rubella virus. Major oral microorganisms identified by their 16s rdna sequences include streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureas, streptococcus mitis and neisseria subflava in the gingival crevice, streptococcus oralis, rothia mucilaginosa and kingella oralis on. Infection control in operative dentistry authorstream. Mouth infections typically originate from dental caries at the root of molars and premolars that spread to adjacent structures. Pdf viral infections of the oral mucosa and perioral region. Microbial diseases of the mouth and oral cavity microbiology. Uncommon opportunistic fungal infections of oral cavity. Mouth infections, also known as oral infections, are a group of infections that occur around the oral cavity.
Single or double strand dna or rna protein coat capsid often with an envelope. Oral cancer is the eleventh most common cancer in the world with an estimated 267,000 cases and. Fungal biofilms and drug resistance volume 10, number 1. Herpes simplex virus hsv infection the herpes viridae family of viruses contains nine different viruses that are pathogenic in humans in general, infections above the waist are caused by hsv 1 and hose below the waist by hsv 2,although with changing sexual practices, it is not uncommon to culture hsv 2 from oral lesions and vice versa the most common. Oral health is often taken for granted, but it is an essential part. Bacterial infections of the oral cavity free ebook download as powerpoint presentation.
Obligate intracellular parasites enters host cell in order to replicate. However, some do cause disease and produce pathogens in the body that make you sick. Pdf examination of the oral cavity is an integral part of every clinical examination. Keeping these main health issues in mind, the common oral infections like tooth.
1050 3 130 867 527 697 887 1242 172 379 427 633 691 1174 845 1081 1554 1383 1482 146 1191 1290 1071 1466 1287 17 685 104 561 106 1438 1093